What Is Gambling?

Gambling is the wagering of something of value (usually money) on an event whose outcome depends on chance, with the intent to win something else of value. The term can also be applied to games in which skill or knowledge contribute to a player’s success, but this is not considered gambling under the definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

The amount of money legally wagered on lotteries, casinos, and sports events is enormous: about $10 trillion in the United States alone. This does not include illegal gambling, which is estimated to be twice as large. Moreover, many people gamble in ways that do not involve money. In addition to marbles, Pogs, and collectible trading card games, for example, some video game players engage in a form of gambling called loot boxes, wherein items of limited value are given out to those who play for long periods of time.

Despite the widespread availability of casino and lottery games, most people who gamble do not have a problem. About 2.5 million adults (1%) meet the criteria for a severe gambling disorder in a given year. Another 5-8 million have mild or moderate gambling problems. Those with severe problems can experience significant distress and impairment in their everyday functioning. They may have difficulty holding a job or maintaining relationships, and they frequently engage in risky behaviors to try to compensate for their losses.

Some people seem to be at greater risk of developing a gambling disorder than others. Men are more likely to develop a problem than women, and younger people are more susceptible than older ones. People who are easily bored, who have few healthy social connections, or who are depressed are also more likely to develop a gambling addiction.

While there are a variety of reasons why people gamble, the most common reasons people gamble are:

To make money. This is the primary reason why people gamble, and it is usually the most addictive. People often start by betting small amounts and then increase their stakes as they become more experienced. Eventually, they may be putting more and more of their hard-earned money at risk, which can lead to a financial crisis.

For the excitement. This can be as simple as a desire to see what happens if they win, or it may be more complex such as a player’s desire to try out a new strategy. Regardless, the excitement is addictive because it provides a rush that can be similar to what a person feels when they are high.

To prevent gambling addiction, one should only gamble with money they can afford to lose. They should never use credit cards or ATMs, and they should always limit their gambling time. Furthermore, it is important to surround oneself with a supportive network and participate in activities that do not involve gambling. In addition, those with gambling problems should seek treatment if necessary. A therapist can help them set boundaries in managing their money and teach them coping skills. A therapist can also suggest local referral resources for certified gambling counselors and intensive gambling treatments.